Ph.D. Theses
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Browsing Ph.D. Theses by Author "Dicle Başbuğ, Esra."
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Item The representation of Abdülhamid II's era in the post 1908 plays in the national tragedy genre(Thesis (Ph.D.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2022., 2022.) İbidan, Zuhal; Köroğlu, Erol.; Dicle Başbuğ, Esra.This dissertation examines the political-documentary (siyasal-belgesel) theater plays written between 1908-1914. I aimed to carry out the textual analysis of the thirty-three plays, on which the dissertation is built, in a holistic way in the light of the data presented by the period's citizenship course books, Ottoman Archive documents, Tanin newspaper, Aşiyan and Millet ile Musahabe magazines. In addition, support was obtained from secondary literature. This dissertation suggests that the political documentary theater texts are the main tools used by the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP/ITC) government in the process of creating the ideal world and its members with the proclamation of the 2nd Constitutional Monarchy. This dissertation also suggests that the plays, which began to be written after the Second Constitutional Monarchy declared in 1908 and whose content and scope were shaped by the Counter Revolution (Karşı Devrim/31 Mart Vakası) in 1909 and the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913, were formed as a result of the change in the mentality of the state. In this context, the role of ideology in the creation of the ideal world and ideal member that the CUP mentality aimed at through a new discourse by instrumentalizing the theater, making use of the possibilities of the stage, was specifically examined. The dissertation is built on two main pillars. First of all, political and historical events were evaluated in order to make sense of the changing mentality of the period in which these texts were written. Considering the French Revolution, which is frequently emphasized as an example in the plays, as well as the Iranian and Russian Revolutions, the relationship between revolution, ideology and theater is approached from a comparative perspective. Then, detailed reading of the plays was carried out in the context of conceptual and genre discussions. These texts are characterized by derogatory expressions such as “shallow, empty, fashionable” in most of the theatrical literature. Although they are utopian, as a result of conceptual and generic reading, it is understood that these texts are very powerful propaganda products that were presented as if they were historical documents, with an effort to make the masses believe in the illusion created, thanks to the many elements these texts contained, as a part of the efforts of the period power to create the “revolutionary members of the community” (cemaatin devrimci efradı).Item The role of the theatre in the construction of state ideology(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2010., 2010.) Dicle Başbuğ, Esra.; Arslan, Nur Gürani,This dissertation examines how theatrical works written during the period of Halkevleri (People’s Houses) functioned to communicate Kemalist ideology to the public and investigates the particular role of these plays in the transformation of social consciousness during the establishment of the modern nation state. For Kemalism, self-describe through its core principles of republicanism, nationalism, populism, statism, secularism and revolutionalism, the 1930’s was a period in which it became clear that a reform movement could not be fully successful or long-lived without public support. Economic, political and social developments both in Turkey and abroad made clear the necessity for Kemalism to seek public support and to organize this support through rapid institutionalization. In this period the Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican People’s Party) served as a critical bridge between the public and Kemalist ideology. A decision was taken to close all non-governmental organisations and associations active at the time and to establish Halkevleri as official party organs. During the rise of the modern nation state, Halkevleri functioned in multiple domains in order to educate the public in line with the principles of Kemalist ideology and to encourage the public to embrace these principles. In addition to the fields of language and literature, sports, history, and the arts, theater played a particularly important role in 1930’s Turkey at a time when less than twenty percent of the population was literate. The government capitalized on the accessability and persuasiveness of theater in its attempts to gain public support for Kemalist ideology. This period saw a flourishing of scriptwriting in line with explicit rules stated by the directives of Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi and Halkevleri. Much effort went into harnessing the persuasive powers of theater as a means of propaganda when attempting to garner support for nationhood and raise consciousness of the role of the citizenry in a unified nation state. Over a hundred plays were written on the occassion of the tenth anniversary of the founding of the Republic of Turkey adressing the Turkish History Thesis and Kemalism’s village development projects in the hopes of getting broad based grassroots support for Kemalist ideology.