M.A. Theses

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https://digitalarchive.library.bogazici.edu.tr/handle/123456789/11673

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Browsing M.A. Theses by Author "Bağrıaçık, Metin."

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    Negation in Pazar Laz
    (Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Cesur, Neslihan.; Bağrıaçık, Metin.
    This thesis aims to give a detailed description of the four different negation particles in Pazar Laz which are va(r), vati, mot and moto. I demonstrate how the selection of the negator in matrix clauses is carried out according the tense and mood of the negated predicate. I show that while var is used to negate predicates in past and present tense in indicative mood, vati is used to negate sentences in future tense as well as to negate epistemic readings. The negator mot negates predicates in optative/hortative constructions and prohibitive mood. Finally, I argue that the negator moto should be considered a separate negation morpheme, considering that it has a distinct distribution from mot and behaves differently from all other negators with regard to affirmative preverbs. I also touch on certain negation asymmetries which cause structural differences between affirmative and negative sentences. I demonstrate three different subtypes of asymmetry for Pazar Laz: A/Cat/TAM, A/NonReal and A/Emph. Considering that Pazar Laz showcases counterarguments to the correlation between emphatic marking and negation, I argue that A/Emph asymmetry should not be categorized as a separate asymmetry subtype. I look into the distribution of the negators in non- finite and finite complement clauses. I draw attention to several unexpected patterns found in complement clauses. First of all, I show that contrary to what has been shown in matrix clauses, the negator var can be used to negate future tense. Moreover, both var and vati can co-occur with the modality marker -ere. I also show that contrary to what has been claimed before, the placement of the negators with respect to the subordinator na is much more flexible.
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    Turkish as a heritage language : diachronic change and synchronic variation of Turkish in the United Kingdom
    (Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Sanıyar, Ezgi.; Bağrıaçık, Metin.; Atlamaz, Ümit.
    In this study, I investigate certain morpho-syntactic changes emerging in Turkish spoken as a heritage language in the United Kingdom. I mainly focus on object pronoun use and the use of the plural marker -lAr both on verbs and nouns in this variety, based on data collected from members of the Turkish community in the United Kingdom. First, I show that Turkish heritage speakers tend not to omit direct objects even in environments in which they are judged redundant or optional by the baseline speakers, native speakers of Turkish in Turkey. Second, I reveal that heritage speakers of Turkish prefer plural marking on nouns even when the latter are modified by quantifiers and numerals - configurations that are judged in the literature as ungrammatical in Standard Modern Turkish. Third, I present that the same speakers use -lAr as third person plural marker in their natural speech more than the baseline speakers, overriding certain strong tendencies in Standard Modern Turkish, such as a tendency to omit -lAr when the controller is a nonhuman or inanimate plural subject. I claim that these differences cannot be wholesale attributed to one or the other mechanisms of change. Instead, I argue that there are different motivating factors for these changes, which are mainly the dominant language transfer effect, silence and distance problems in binding, complex structure avoidance, and the tendency to adopt a more regularized and analytic structure.