Ph.D. Theses
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Browsing Ph.D. Theses by Author "Çıdam, Volkan."
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Item Collective desert in distributive justice(Thesis (Ph.D.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Yapıcıoğlu, James Cem.; Çıdam, Volkan.The literature of desert in distributive justice almost strictly focuses on personal desert claims. This is inadequate. Distributive justice involves distribution at a massive scale, which can only take place through collective acts. At the same time, there is nothing that inherently limits a group of people deserving together. This thesis argues that collective agents can be desert subjects by relying on the everbuilding consensus within social ontology regarding the agency of collectives and in parallel to the recent use of collective agents in the field of state culpabilities. It reconsiders prominent desert claims by introducing a collective desert subject or a collective perspective. The thesis specifically explores the collective alternatives to desert of compensation and merit-based hiring, and adapts Feldman’s community essential needs based desert approach to a collective perspective. Not only is it possible to formulate collective desert claims that function in a similar way to the individual ones, but this helps to better explain existing claims and handle some of their shortcomings. The results of these discussions suggest new areas of desert that can be pursued and new approaches to strengthen the case of desert against its naysayers.Item The legitimacy of secularism :|a conceptual analysis(Thesis (Ph.D.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) Usturalı, Adil.; Çıdam, Volkan.The purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual analysis of secularism as a constitutional principle specifically in the context of constitutional democracies. For these purposes, the critique of the concept is reviewed and various conceptions of the concept that are widely accepted in the literature are scrutinized. As an alternative to the existing conceptions, this study proposes secularism as autonomy as a new conception of secularism which better reflects the constitutional legitimacy and purpose of the concept. Based on this conception, it is argued that secularism in constitutional democracies is a constitutional principle that is adopted directly as a consequence of the legitimacy claim of a constitutional democracy: the claim to recognize and ensure individual autonomy of its citizens. The constitutional state, therefore, by nature a secular state that is legitimated through secular procedures. After this conception is proposed, the argument is deepened by an analysis of the relationship between secularism, autonomy, and legitimacy. It is demonstrated that autonomy plays a central role in constitutional democracies both historically and conceptually and secularism as a constitutional principle is adopted in order to reflect this relationship. Finally, secularism as autonomy is analyzed in three levels of analysis it exists and/or affects: the constitutional level, the legal/political level, and the informal public sphere.