Jeofizik

Permanent URI for this community

https://digitalarchive.library.bogazici.edu.tr/handle/123456789/11620

Browse

Browsing Jeofizik by Subject "Earthquake prediction -- Turkey."

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A tomographic image of the fault zone on the north anatolian fault
    (Thesis (M.S.) - Bogazici University. Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, 2006., 2006.) Afacan Ergün, Tuğçe.; Karabulut, Hayrullah.
    During the fall of 2003, seismic data were collected in the eastern Marmara Region on the North Anatolian Fault Zone near izmit rupture zone by a controlled source experiment. The fault was clearly exposed on the surface and the thickness of the sediments in the basin is expected to be greater than several hundred meters. The data were acquired along a 1.2 km long nmih-south profile with a total of 50 recorders equipped with 4.5 Hz geophones. 3-component geophones were used near the fault zone to detect trapped waves. The shot spacing was 5 m and receiver spacing was varying from 1Om to 20m. More than 180 shots were fired using a vibroseis. Data were recorded continuously with 1OOHz sampling rate. . This study is a step towards a determination of a shallow P wave velocity structure on the NAFZ near izmit rupture. We applied regularized inversion technique to the first arrival travel times. More than 6500 picks from 129 shot-gathers were used in the analysis. A shallow P wave velocity image (<200m) from travel time tomography was obtained in the izmit basin. The results indicate a fault zone of approximately 100 m thick. A velocity contrast was detected between the fault zone and surrounding blocks. The P wave velocity on the southern block varies between a range 1.4 - 1. 7 km/s and 1. 7 - 2.0 km/s on the northern block the velocity decreases to 1.4 km/s within the fault zone. 3-component recordings and fan shots indicates the presence of the fault zone consistent with the . tomographic image. Previous seismological studies in the region also show that the thickness of the fault zone is on the order of approximately 1OOm.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Dynamic earthquake rupture simulations in the sea of Marmara
    (Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, 2019., 2019.) Korkusuz, Yasemin.; Konca, Ali Özgün.; Özel, Nurcan Meral.
    The 1912 Mürefte and 1999 Izmit M"7.4 earthquakes are the last devastating events of the western and eastern sections of the Marmara region, respectively. The center of the Sea of Marmara, the region between locations of these two earthquakes, is prone to creating another large earthquake. The main objective of our study is to determine 3D dynamic earthquake rupture scenarios, considering non-planar and heterogeneous stress distribution in the Sea of Marmara. Recent studies show that some segments of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) beneath Marmara are partially creeping. In this study, it is the first time that we attempt to generate realistic earthquake scenarios by putting constrains on initial stress on the fault using regional stress from earthquake focal mechanisms, in addition to stress release during past earthquakes and strain accumulation during interseismic period using geodetical measurements on slip-rate and locking depth at various segments along the NAF beneath the Sea of Marmara. In order to constrain the regional stress in addition to our previous five cluster analysis a new earthquake cluster is analyzed in the Central Marmara Basin. We use 3D Finite Element Method (PyLith) for dynamic earthquake simulations and tetragonal mesh for better smoothing at the fault bends, which allows us to implement nonplanar fault geometry and initial stress heterogeneity using slip-weakening friction law. We place constraints on initial shear stress from geodetic and seismic studies of locking depth and interseismic strain accumulation. We consider 80 rupture scenarios and calculate slip distribution, rupture velocity and moment magnitude in addition to slip-rate and traction on the fault surface, and displacement and velocity on the ground surface. We find that for the most scenarios possible earthquake magnitude does not exceed Mw7.2. In addition, in none of the possible scenarios we obtain super-shear rupture velocity. We find that depending on the location of the initiation point, asperities in the partially creeping segments and loaded initial stress, the rupture may not extend into the Prince’s Island Segment.