Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler
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Browsing Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler by Author "Aksoy, Zühre."
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Item Clear-air turbulence: incessant regulation of deregulation in international civil aviation(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2016., 2016.) Sönmezgil, Serkan.; Aksoy, Zühre.International civil aviation consists of an intricate web of private and public parties. The national sovereignty on air space puts constraints on market forces. Particularly between the end of World War II and the late seventies, considerable regulations on international commercial air services were in force. These regulations resided at the core of the multilateral framework that had deliberately left loopholes from which mushrooming bilateral interactions escaped and undermined its main tenets. International civil aviation remains as an understudied issue for international relations discipline. This study unravels the conflictual coexistence of regulatory and deregulatory currents from a theoretical outlook developed from within international relations theory. Accordingly, focal points of this study, within the time scope of the Chicago Conference of 1944 to the Bermuda II Agreement of 1977 are the U.K-U.S. aviation rivalry, to be traced on the axis of regulation and deregulation and ICAO's role within and engagement with this axis. Merits of an eclecticist insight were evaluated in analyzing these cases via critical theoretical appropriations of variants of realist thinking, regime theory and security studies. The main results of the analyses are that the shifts in level of regulation could be explained with reference to differing public and private power structures of U.K. and U.S. and that ICAO as a regime rests on contrastingly ambiguous genetic roots that paved the way for its lagging behind as concretized in its interference with issues of regulation and deregulation.Item Environment is our mother, mining is our father: contesting gold mining in Turkey(Thesis (M.A.)-Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2010., 2010.) Kök, İrem.; Aksoy, Zühre.This study dwells into the discursive contestation over the new gold mining investments by utilizing discourse analysis and the actor-based approach. Applying these approaches to the notorious mining conflicts across the world, this thesis advances the argument that discursive battle in the mining conflicts is shaped by the efforts of actors who try to fix their understanding of reality in an effort to garner support for their cause. The process of articulation becomes politically important, as it gives power to opposition groups to act strategically by playing with the discursive field. The Kaz Mountains mining conflict can also be analyzed as a case study of similar discursive contestation. In their animation of the discourses of environmentalism, developmentalism and nationalism, actors try to shape the discursive space by drawing cultural, social and political connections with the local so as to gain support either for pro or anti-mining cause. On the one hand, mining corporations and state articulated powerful discourses of development and environment by drawing a line between the technocratic and the politically-oriented understandings of environment and economic development in order to dismiss the reactions raised by the local opposition and to counter the bad publicity of mining in the eye of people. On the other, local activists successfully carried out the anti-mining cause by articulating new mining investments with ecological, cultural and social destruction and therefore garnered support from local people. All in all, this study seeks to underline the role of actors in shaping the politics of mining conflicts by engaging in imaginative articulation process, and how it empowers the opposition groups to act strategically in their struggle against state and mining corporations.Item Global trends, domestic institutions and contemporary organized labor: the case of Turkey(Thesis (M.A.)-Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2007., 2007.) Silva, Jeremy Michael.; Aksoy, Zühre.Labor across the globe has been suffering a downturn in its membership which has been blamed on the process of globalization and more specifically on union’s inability to adapt to the realities of transnational capital. Opponents of this theory point out that this process has not been universal, and that unions in both advanced and new industrialized capitalist economies have proved resilient to the worldwide structural pressures. These scholars have argued that domestic institutions, rather than global pressures, maintain a decisive influence over the success of unionism in global capital. This thesis addresses their arguments through the case of Turkey, first exploring the domestic institutions in advanced capitalist economies and their unions’ relative experiences in global capital, then comparing these to the institutions common to the import substitution industrialization model used by Turkey previous to its shift to liberalized export-orientated growth. An examination of the historical and contemporary development of organized labor in Turkey comes to the conclusion that the domestic institutions needed to sustain unionization in the global economy were not developed by the unions, and this has led to their current weakness and decline in the face of global trends.Item The National security policy of the Russian Federation: A case for broader security perspective(Thesis (M.A.)-Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2010., 2010.) Musayev, Azar.; Aksoy, Zühre.This study aims at analyzing the national security policy of the Russian Federation from the securitization perspective proposed by the Copenhagen School. Analysis is made in order to investigate whether there is a pattern in different securitizing moves made within a single state. For that aim, the securitization of demographic decline and information has been analyzed. The major argument of this study is that particular securitizing moves and general dominant discourse of danger show congruence. Namely, dominant discourse of danger that prioritizes certain security sectors may predict that particular cases will be securitized from the perspective of these sectors, as well. The first chapter aims to set the theoretical framework of this study. Therefore, the different definitions of the term of “security” are being analyzed focusing on the different schools of thought with special emphasis to the approach of the Copenhagen School. The second chapter describes the contours of the dominant discourse of danger with the help of analyzing relevant policy documents and official speeches. Having identified the dominant discourse of danger, the remaining two chapters aim at analyzing particular securitizing moves made with regard to demographic decline and information, respectively. After analysis of particular securitization moves, the study comes to a conclusion that there is congruence between the dominant discourse of danger and specific securitizing moves. Namely, as the dominant discourse of danger prioritized political and societal sectors, particular cases have also been securitized mainly from these sectors, along with traditional military one.