Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü

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Browsing Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü by Subject "A priori."

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    Constitutive a priori
    (Thesis (M.A.)-Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2004., 2004.) Erdur, Melis.; Irzık, Gürol.; Machamer, Peter K.
    Recently there has been a renewed interest in the issue of a priority. Many philosophers have proposed accounts that attempt to establish the existence of a priori propositions while avoiding the difficulties of the former accounts. One of these philosophers is Michael Friedman, who has put forward the account of constitutive a priori. Friedman aims both to characterize constitutiveness with respect to a scientific framework and thereby to complement Kuhn's theory of scientific revolutions, and to establish a sense of a priority that the former gives rise to and thereby to challenge Quinean epistemological holism. In my thesis, I provide a critical discussion of Friedman's own attempt to characterize constitutiveness with respect to a scientific framework. I argue that, in contrast to what Friedman claims, constitutiveness does not give rise to an epistemological difference that conflicts with Quinean epistemological holism. I rather suggest that the peculiarity of the putatively constitutive propositions can rather be accounted for by appealing to the notion of functional a priority that is proposed by Arthur Pap.
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    The knowledge of contingent a priori truths, performatives and pragmatic inferences
    (Thesis (M.A.)-Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2007., 2007.) Muhtaroğlu, Nazif.; İnan, İlhan.
    Saul Kripke claims that there are contingent a priori truths. His argument for this claim depends on his account of naming. By assuming his account of naming, I try to improve his argument by adding two premises expressing the satisfaction of the success conditions of the naming activity and using that name. In characterizing the naming activity, I make use of the notion of performatives. In formulating a valid inference from premises to the conclusion, I appeal to the notion of pragmatic inferences. The gist of my argument for the a priority of Kripke’s contingent truths is that the knowledge of the mentioned two premises provides the correct grasp of the necessary and sufficient elements in order to grasp the proposition that is considered to be a contingent a priori truth. So this proposition is known just by grasping it without further investigation.