M.A. Theses
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Item The interaction of oral and written traditions in the works of Âşık Maksut Feryadî(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Erdem, E. Nisan.; Öztürk, Veysel.; Oktay, Zeynep.In this thesis, what it means to be a minstrel in the contemporary literary environment in Turkey is examined, and for this, the poems of Maksut Koca (Feryadî), his performance- based literary activity and strategies to make himself visible in the public socio-economically are used as examples. In the first part of the study, the electronic medium, which has become increasingly widespread today and is important for positioning the minstrel literature in the cultural production of the modern age, has been examined in detail within the framework of Walter Ong's concept of secondary orality. In the second part, the relationship between Maksut Koca's works and his life with oral, written and contemporary electronic media is studied. In the third chapter, it has been taken into account that there is not only a linear relationship between the work, the author and the reader, but also a capital relationship, and that there are intermediaries in the process of the creation and printing of the work. For this reason, today's minstrel literature is viewed as a "literary event" in which books and secondary orality play a role in its circulation. In this part, which is shaped as a study of literary sociology, minstrel books, publishing houses and Maksut Koca's printed work Sular Yandı are examined. At the end of the study, the written text of two interviews with Maksut Koca is added.Item The Bektashi miscellanea of Âşık Penâhî : sufi literature through the eyes of a poet-compiler(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Çetinkaya, Ömercan.; Oktay, Zeynep.The subject of this thesis is the publication and content analysis of a miscellanea (Penâhî Mecmuası) completed by Mustafa Müslim Ocak (Penâhî) in 1902. The miscellanea contains the texts of Sufi poets and writers, especially figures of the Alevi-Bektashi tradition. In recent years, with the growing interest in this field in Ottoman literature, many miscellanies have been published, and their contents have been classified. This thesis, like its predecessors, applies the publication and classification methods used in miscellanea studies to the manuscript. However, in addition to this, this study asks new questions to miscellanies in terms of their compiler and content and introduces new perspectives to the field. This study consists of six chapters. The first chapter provides background about miscellanea literature, 19th-century reading practices, and the history of Sufism (especially in the context of the Bektashiyye). This section also introduces the compiler Penâhî and his miscellanea and other works. The second chapter includes the description of the manuscript, and a series of tables related to the manuscript's content. The third chapter focuses on Penahi's methods and purposes in copying texts and poems in his manuscript. Then the chapter discusses some specific examples in the manuscript to uncover the reading practices of the compiler. The fourth chapter examines the elements of belief and sufi teachings encountered in the poems and other mystical texts (most of which belong to the Alevi- Bektashi tradition). This section presents prominent themes in the sufi beliefs of Penâhî, as a minstrel and a compiler. After the fifth (conclusion) chapter, the sixth chapter gives the transliteration of the miscellanea.Item Malevolent-children in modern Turkish short story(Thesis (M.S.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Science and Engineering, 2022., 2023) Abanoz, Süheyla.; Öztürk, Veysel.“Evil” is considered to be an equivalent word for “virtueless” that is a meaningful form in society and defined by the words "bad, wicked, awful" etc. When this lack of virtue, which is often brought up by the humanities, is considered within the framework of morality, children who have not yet been involved in society’s taming game appear on the stage. They are also included in various types of fiction in literature, in their semi-tamed state, something social perception is very familiar with, hidden under the epithet “innocent”. Whereas works depicting this state of the child in world literature are placed under the title “evil in literature”, there is no such title and classification in Turkish Literature. All kinds of evil can be found in Turkish literary works, as well as “malevolent, bad, semi-domesticated children”. In this study, it will be discussed by focusing on how and why the concept of “evil and the child” is dealt with in a historical context in the modern Turkish short story, and revealing the existence of this situation, sometimes aestheticizing and sometimes instrumentalizing the evil act, as a child or children the perpetrator in the fiction. To be able to do this, I started the work with theoretical readings on the concept of evil and malevolent children before deciding the stories to be addressed and giving a thought on their political, psychological, and social contexts. Based on this, stories that clearly relate these contexts to the concepts of children and evil have been selected. As the study proceeds within this outline, the main discussion will move on to how evil is represented in the narrative by child character[s] and how these representations are included in the narrative, at what times, in what ways they are aestheticized or instrumentalized for what, and this discussion will form the main part of the study. In order to illustrate this, representations of evil will be analyzed according to a classification based on victims in twenty-two stories that are determined through literature review, that are Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar's “Nasıl Öldürdüler?”, Orhan Kemal's “Köpek Yavrusu”, Pınar Kür's “Son Çizgi”, Ömer Seyfettin's “İlk Cinayet”, “Falaka” and "Acıklı Bir Hikâye”, Sait Faik Abasıyanık's “Son Kuşlar”, “İzmir’e” and “Bohça”, Onat Kutlar's “Kül Kuşları”, Sema Kaygusuz's “Engereğin Oğlu”, Reşat Nuri Güntekin's “Hasta Çocuk”, “Kol Saati” and “Çocuk Kavgası”, Mine Söğüt's “Naz Neden Derine Gömmemiş Kediyi?”, Sabahattin Ali's “Ayran”, Bekir Yildiz's “Demir Bebek”, Leyla Erbil's “Diktatör”, Yusuf Atılgan's “Tutku”, Vüs’at O. Bener's “İlki” and “Havva” stories, and the malevolent children in the modern Turkish short story will be revealed.Item An ekphrastic view of history through paintings in İlhan Berk’s poems(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Kokoz Pazar, Sena.; Akyıldız, Olcay.This thesis examines how the ekphrastic poems written by İlhan Berk about visual artworks offer a perspective on history. The first chapter examines the relationship between visual arts and poetry from the past to the present. It then summarizes the changing nature of historiography over time and the emergence of postmodern historiography. The second chapter focuses on the transformation İlhan Berk undergoes in his poetry, particularly in his book Galile Denizi. It delves into how the resulting ekphrastic poems establish a connection with history. The third chapter examines the visual background of the mythology and history-focused poems found in the books Çivi Yazısı, Otağ, and Mısırkalyoniğne. These visual backgrounds can be traced through the Kült Kitap and the notebooks kept by İlhan Berk. The fourth chapter demonstrates how the ekphrastic poems in the poetry book Şenliknâme reflect the poet's focus on Ottoman history during this period. The fifth chapter highlights how the book Atlas intensifies the interest in both the history of cities and individuals. This chapter also showcases how Atlas represents İlhan Berk's own history through paintings and poetry. In the final chapter of the thesis, the discussion revolves around how approaching history through an ekphrastic perspective using visual artworks establishes a relationship between the poet and history. As a result, it becomes evident that İlhan Berk utilizes visual artworks as a means to act as he desires within history, to disrupt and recreate history, and to establish his own narrative of history.Item Lost bodies and lost souls : disabled men in the early twentieth century Turkish novel(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Şengül, Büşra.; Köroğlu, Erol.This master's thesis examines the representations of disability in literary texts through disabled male characters by considering three novels written in the 20th century. Since the novel genre was received from the West, it is based on similar dynamics in Turkish literature as in Western literature that at a level affect the content of the novels. In the novels that support the ideas of the period in which they were written, the narrator's voice, time and place preferences, and the language used strengthen the marginalizing attitude towards the disabled. Being a disabled male subject means falling into a secondary position in the society that is tried to be built with normal standards. Men with disabilities who are abnormal in terms of aesthetics, physical strength, status, economic standards and emotions have tragic lives. The stories of disabled male characters who conflict with the codes of the normal and masculine order develop on different planes but under the influence of the same ideology. Disabled men, who do not comply with aesthetic norms in the Harabelerin Çiçeği, who cannot meet the strength-based characteristics of masculinity in the novel Dokuzuncu Hariciye Koğuşu, and who cannot be proud of being a veteran in the novel Yaban, experience identity conflict. In this research, a wide study was conducted on how robust, normal, masculine and nationalist ideologies determine the voice of the heroes in the novels. The aim of the thesis is to contribute to both fields of study by examining how the issues of disability and masculinity, which have an important place in society, are approached and articulated through literary texts in the context of novels.Item The nationalist conservative discourse in the independence war novels = Kurtuluş savaşı romanlarında milliyetçi muhafazakâr söylem(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Özdemir, Alkan.; Köroğlu, Erol.The study focuses on respectively Tarık Buğra's novels Küçük Ağa and Firavun İmanı, as well as Hüseyin Karatay's Çalınan Savaş and Ali Erkan Kavaklı's Gülü Koklayamadım. These novels that depict the Turkish War of Independence emphasize that the Turkish Muslim population carried out the struggle. According to them, the primary motivation was based on concepts such as jihad, holy war, and resistance against infidels. It is claimed that religious people, like protagonists in the novels, are historically the leading undertakers of the war; however, according to the books, after the war ended and the Republic was proclaimed, they remained in the background, were intimidated, and faced injustice through politicized law. Tarık Buğra, who pioneered the nationalist conservative view of the genre with his novel Küçük Ağa, inspired other writers with the plot, characters, opening and closing scenes, and proclamations of his novels. Moreover, in Karatay and Kavaklı's novels, the language hardens and carries forward Bugra's theses. It is alleged that the Turkish War of Independence was stolen from the opposition Second Group parliamentarians and religious circles by Mustafa Kemal Pasha and the founding cadres of the Republic. The authors argue that they opposed the dominant ideology with their novels and presented alternative historical narratives by revealing the truth. These novels, in which art is instrumentalized and constructed around a doctrine, are examined as ordinary production objects with their ideological aspects. The interaction between the ideology and literature is tried to be clarified by considering the social, political, and cultural dimensions of the period they were written in. In the first section, after categorizing the novels about the Turkish War of Independence, I list the characteristics of the examined novels. Then, by looking at genre theories, I review them through the attributes of historical novels and novels with a thesis. Each novel is discussed in separate chapters under different headings in detail. History is not seen as past events but as a legitimate power to establish the future in these novels. Therefore, I argue that the four books in question, which have political theses, used the literary field to prove their claims.Item Struggle between the "Ideal" and the "Illegitimate" : representations of prostitution and family in Selahaddin Enis novels = “İdeal” ile “Gayrimeşru” Mücadelesi : Selahaddin Enis romanlarında fuhuş ve aile temsilleri(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Salkıç, Tuğçen.; Akyıldız, Olcay.This thesis focuses on Selahaddin Enis' serialized novels, Zâniyeler, Cehennem Yolcuları, and Orta Malı, which were published between 1922 and 1925 and examines the treatment of the theme of prostitution, considering its centrality in the plot, and the concept of family positioned in opposition to it. The analysis centers on the narrator's stance and the other characters’ voices in the conflict between the concept of family, which is explored through issues such as child-rearing, motherhood, and genealogy, and the concept of prostitution, which covers issues such as alcohol, drugs, and abortion in the novels. In that regard, this thesis argues that Zâniyeler, the best-known work of Selahaddin Enis, features a more one-sided and judgmental narrator. However, in Cehennem Yolcuları and Orta Malı, it has been argued that there exists a more nuanced narrator who highlights different voices, judgments, and thoughts, and approaches the aforementioned issues from a broader perspective.Item Fleeing the “Harem,” embracing Europe : space, identity and discourse in Melek Hanım’s autobiographical texts : “Harem”den kaçmak, Avrupa’yı kucaklamak : Melek Hanım’ın otobiyografik metinlerinde mekan, kimlik ve söylem(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Küçükturan, Fatma Şevval.; Akyıldız, Olcay.This thesis problematizes the construction of the discourse through identity and space in Melek Hanım's autobiographical texts, Thirty Years in the Harem (1872) and Six Years in Europe (1873), which was published under the name Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Paşa’s wife. It argues that as the place shifts, the identities of the narrator also change, and Melek Hanım's discourse takes shape depending on these variables in the aforementioned autobiographical narratives. The shifting identities of Melek Hanım in Eastern and Western spaces have been discussed while asserting that the spatial practices and self-representations in the texts are in a mutual relationship with the construction of the discourse in Thirty Years in the Harem, Melek Hanım reveals her life in the Ottoman lands using the pile of her subjective memory. It was built on an orientalist discourse in which an Ottoman elite narrates Eastern societies and her life experience. Nevertheless, the narrator’s voice embodies a victimized woman's identity in Six Years in Europe, which covers the six-year period that Melek Hanım had spent and experienced after fleeing to Europe. This thesis attempts to elucidate how the construction of discourse among Melek Hanım’s autobiographical texts differs depending on the representations of space and identity.Item Woman revolt in the short stories of Nezihe Meriç(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Zaptiye, Duygu.; Uysal, Zeynep.This study examines the position of women in selected short stories of Nezihe Meriç and argues that both Meriç’s writing style and the characterization of women in her stories are forms of revolt against patriarchal norms. The introduction chapter reviews some prominent critical works on Meriç’s stories and proposes a theoretical base for the thesis by juxtaposing feminist literary criticism and Julia Kristeva’s concept of intimate revolt. The following two chapters provide close readings of selected short stories in this theoretical framework. While the second chapter focuses on the stories dealing with the personal dilemmas of modern women, the third chapter centers on the stories in which the socio-political conditions underlying these dilemmas can be seen. Additionally, both chapters discuss how the textualization of women’s problems works by drawing attention to the narrative techniques Meriç used.Item Marriage, economy, and freedom : the marriage plot in the works of women writers in the tanzimat period = Evlilik, ekonomi, özgürlük : tanzimat dönemi kadın yazarların eserlerinde evlilik olay örgüsü(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2023., 2023) Topkara, Sümeyya.; Köroğlu, Erol.This thesis discussed how the marriage plot in the works of Ottoman women writers reflects the position of modern and educated women within the traditional marriage and family codes. This discussion focused on five books; four from women writers: Fatma Aliye’s Levayih-i Hayat, Fatma Fahrünnisa’s Dilharap, two stories named “Tashih” and “Hüsn-ü Muamele” from Makbule Leman’s collected works Makes-i Hayal, and Fatma Şadiye’s storybook Hikayat-ı Nuşin. The fifth book, Ahmet Mithat Efendi’s Felsefe-i Zenan, discussed as the pioneer example of the representation of modern and educated woman’s situation in traditional marriages and read together with Levayih-i Hayat, which was similarly written in epistolary form. In these novels and stories, Ottoman women writers discussed many different problems including women’s education, economic independence, forced arranged marriages, restriction of a married woman’s freedom, and the dilemmas of Islamic divorce law. This thesis primarily focused on how women writers constructed these problems within the marriage plot, which was restricted by the Ottoman sharia law’s regulations. While these regulations limited the horizons of plot by not allowing the creation of standard romance characters or love marriages; it also allowed women writers to create unique marriage plots that goes beyond the happy ending to represent the inequality between sexes in marriage. It is argued that through marriage plot writers represented an ideal of educated woman and modern family which are directly related to the women’s economic independence.Item Malevolent-children in modern Turkish short story(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 2022., 2022) Abanoz, Süheyla.; Öztürk, Veysel.“Evil” is considered to be an equivalent word for “virtueless” that is a meaningful form in society and defined by the words "bad, wicked, awful" etc. When this lack of virtue, which is often brought up by the humanities, is considered within the framework of morality, children who have not yet been involved in society’s taming game appear on the stage. They are also included in various types of fiction in literature, in their semi-tamed state, something social perception is very familiar with, hidden under the epithet “innocent”. Whereas works depicting this state of the child in world literature are placed under the title “evil in literature”, there is no such title and classification in Turkish Literature. All kinds of evil can be found in Turkish literary works, as well as “malevolent, bad, semi-domesticated children”. In this study, it will be discussed by focusing on how and why the concept of “evil and the child” is dealt with in a historical context in the modern Turkish short story, and revealing the existence of this situation, sometimes aestheticizing and sometimes instrumentalizing the evil act, as a child or children the perpetrator in the fiction. To be able to do this, I started the work with theoretical readings on the concept of evil and malevolent children before deciding the stories to be addressed and giving a thought on their political, psychological, and social contexts. Based on this, stories that clearly relate these contexts to the concepts of children and evil have been selected. As the study proceeds within this outline, the main discussion will move on to how evil is represented in the narrative by child character[s] and how these representations are included in the narrative, at what times, in what ways they are aestheticized or instrumentalized for what, and this discussion will form the main part of the study. In order to illustrate this, representations of evil will be analyzed according to a classification based on victims in twenty-two stories that are determined through literature review, that are Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar's “Nasıl Öldürdüler?”, Orhan Kemal's “Köpek Yavrusu”, Pınar Kür's “Son Çizgi”, Ömer Seyfettin's “İlk Cinayet”, “Falaka” and "Acıklı Bir Hikâye”, Sait Faik Abasıyanık's “Son Kuşlar”, “İzmir’e” and “Bohça”, Onat Kutlar's “Kül Kuşları”, Sema Kaygusuz's “Engereğin Oğlu”, Reşat Nuri Güntekin's “Hasta Çocuk”, “Kol Saati” and “Çocuk Kavgası”, Mine Söğüt's “Naz Neden Derine Gömmemiş Kediyi?”, Sabahattin Ali's “Ayran”, Bekir Yildiz's “Demir Bebek”, Leyla Erbil's “Diktatör”, Yusuf Atılgan's “Tutku”, Vüs’at O. Bener's “İlki” and “Havva” stories, and the malevolent children in the modern Turkish short story will be revealed.Item Ahmed Bin Hüseyin El-Giridî's Risâletü'l-Kavsiye :|a transcription and textual analysis(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) Erçin, Zekiye Şeyma.; Gençtürk Demircioğlu, Tülay.The subject of this thesis is Risâletü’l Kavsiye which consists of thirty-eight leafs written by Ahmed Al-Giridî as prose in the eighteenth century. The aim of the study is to make the work accessible by transcription, to examine the text in terms of content and form and to give information about the author. In accordance with this purpose, a transcribed text was created based on the single copy of the work. This study consists of five main chapters. In the introductory chapter, information about Turkish archery and archery texts is given. Afterwards, the life and works of the author are briefly mentioned from the accessed sources and information in the work we have examined. In the third chapter, the content features of the work are included. By giving general information about the work, the six parts that make up the text were examined. Then, the work is examined in terms of language and spelling and the obtained data are tried to be shown with examples from the text. In addition, the rhyme in the prose belonging to the introductory chapter of the work is shown. In the last chapter, the method in the preparation of the text is stated and the transcribed text of the work is given. A facsimile copy of the work is added to the end. The importance of this study is to reveal the literary characteristics of Risâletü’l Kavsiye, which is a useful resource for researchers with its unique features and style in terms of language and spelling, rather than transcription.Item Seriality, influence and adaptation in Ahmet Mithat's novels Hasan Mellâh and Zeyl-i Hasan Mellâh(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) Topçuoğlu, Arif Can.; Köroğlu, Erol.The first examples of the novel in Turkish literature were given in the middle of the nineteenth century, in the form of serial. During this period, Ottoman intellectuals introduced this genre to the readers via translations from especially French literature, and then, wrote the first examples in various creative ways. The relationship that early novelists established with Western literature has been one of the most cited issues in the history of Turkish literature. The dominant discourse claims that the first novelists were apprentices who tried to copy the Western novels into Turkish which makes the first novels become cheap imitations of the Western ones. Besides, the fact that first novels are actually serial novels was ignored in these research studies. Thus, the narrative techniques of serial novels were examined with the perception of contemporary novels hence, these novels considered as flawed. From this point forth, the first target of this thesis is to consider the influence matter from a different angle and also, bring forward the seriality issue which is ignored by literary historians. To do so, this study will focus on Ahmet Mithat’s first novel Hasan Mellâh Yahut Sır İçinde Esrar (1874) and its sequel Zeyl-i Hasan Mellâh Yahut Sır İçinde Esrar (1875) in terms of seriality, influence, and adaptation. The main aim in the thesis is to show source texts that Ahmet Mithat was influenced during the adaptation process, how and why he preferred to change these texts and what role seriality played in this process.Item Messianic hopes in Oğuz Atay’s works :|representations of Jesus in Tutunamayanlar and “Beyaz Mantolu Adam”(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) Kaplan, Yasir İslam.; Akyıldız, Olcay.The image and the life story of Jesus narrated in the Scriptures has put into literary form faithfully or with varying degrees of transformation throughout the ages by authors of various literatures, each with differing worldviews. The interest was shown towards Jesus in pre-modern Turkish literature was shared by modern Turkish authors as well. Recently, Oğuz Atay is among those who deal most extensively with the literary representations of Jesus in its various aspects in his works. This thesis identifies the variety of representations of Jesus in Oğuz Atay’s Tutunamayanlar [The Disconnected] and “Beyaz Mantolu Adam” [The Man with White Coat] and analyzes their significance and functions in the context of each text. In addition, it demonstrates that the figure of Jesus, transformed by rewriting, adaption or parody assumes a critical tone in multiple contexts. It also argues that the life and certain sayings of Jesus set a good example for some of the characters. Finally, it discusses the various aspects of two different messianic thoughts that arise from the representations in each work.Item From historical figure to literary character :|representation of religious woman figures in literary texts(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) Aykurt Orakçı, Merve.; Akyıldız, Olcay.; Altuğ, Fatih, 1977- .In this thesis, I will dwell on how female figures who are prominent with their religious representation and have historicity were constructed and the role of the author’s ideology and biography, the genre of the text and also the conditions and politics of the period on this construction procedure. Thus, I will try to comprehend how religious female figures were reconstructed, transformed and differentiated by every rewriting without detaching the text from its context. To that end, I will discuss the female authors’ works through discourse analysis and close reading techniques while tracing religious female figures from Tanzimat period to recent period. Therefore, while analyzing the historical figures’ functionality in genre and transformation, I will try to illustrate how the characters with historicity have transformed into literary character.Item Style in the divans of Âdile Sultan and Tevhîde Hanım(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) Atasoy, Ümran.; Gençtürk Demircioğlu, Tülay.The subject of this thesis is to compare two female divan poets who are Âdile Sultan and Tevhîde Hanım lived in the nineteenth century. In addition to being female poets lived in the same century, being able to write enough poems to form a divan and writing poems in sufist style because of being member of a religious order are the common points that make it possible to compare them in a thesis. Even though they had a lot in common, they lived in different social environments. Âdile Sultan, who was the daughter of Sultan Mahmut II, lived in the center of the Empire, the Ottoman Palace. On the other hand, Tevhîde Hanım who came from an ordinary family, the daughter of Limoncuzâde Fehim Efendi, lived in Manisa Province. Although their divans do not possess the high aesthetic and literary values, they have been chosen for this thesis due to their battle of survival in a male dominant culture and crossing the lines of this cultural discourse. Also they reflect the different aspects of their time as a result of coming from different social environments, which makes the thesis become enriched. In this thesis the differences of discourse of the poems of Âdile Sultan and Tevhîde Hanım from the discourse of the literary tradition are brought up.Item Historicising the novel :|Madonna in a Fur Coat as a literary event(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) İnce, Meryem Selva.; Uysal, Zeynep.Madonna in a Fur Coat novel is an exceptional literary event. It is accepted as a literary document and gained an aesthetic value by getting popular in time through the appreciation of ordinary readers, even though it didn’t arouse interest in its publishing year 1943. At this point, instead of looking for an answer for why did this novel became a bestseller in 2000’s, focusing on its transformations by historicizing the novel is significant to show the elements that specifies the aesthetic category of the text. In this thesis, “Aesthetic of Reception”, historiography and intersection points with literature sociology is evaluated. The reader is positioned, by being historicized on two different class practices as “cultural nobility” and “ordinary reader” with reference to conceptualization in Bourdieu’s Distinction (1979), in the context of different reception practices and the effect of these practices on the positioning of writer and the novel. Hence, the “cultural nobility” definition in this thesis includes literary critics, historians and editors, “ordinary reader” includes the actors who use or reproduce a text that is in the information field produced by the other class. Jerome Mc Gann's (1991) "editorial horizon" conception is evaluated with novel's after 80's publishing adventure in the context of the presentation of the text to ordinary reader's effect on reader's reception. Government, publishers, periodical publications and school establishments on the other hand, are evaluated as establishments that carry the critical and historical discourse of the text’s period and also transfer or delimitate the produced semantics of the text.Item Embedded narratives and the chronotope concept in Ahmet Metin ve Şirzat(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) Kahraman, Fatma.; Köroğlu, Erol.Ahmet Mithat Efendi (1844-1912) one year after he published his travel narrative in 1889, Avrupa’da Bir Cavelan (2015), he began serializing Ahmet Metin ve Şirzat (2015) in 1891. Avrupa’da Bir Cevelan, the work of Ahmet Mithat's first encounter with Europe, is a narrative in which the author has made it clear that Ottoman Empire is far behind the West. The reflection of the occidental discourse caused by this situation is seen in Ahmet Metin ve Şirzat. The discourse of both technical and moral superiority of the East is narrated to the reader through an advanced narrative technique. Therefore, this thesis aims to show how, when Ahmet Mithat had to accept the superiority of the West, he benefited from complex and advanced novel techniques in a compensatory manner. To understand this, first, the skeleton of discourse supported by embedded narratives will be revealed. In doing so, the terminology of Manfred Jahn (2012) will be used. Then, it will be explained how this skeleton shapes in flesh and discourse becomes concrete and representable on the basis of Bakhtin's (1981) chronotope (time-space) concept. In this way, it will be claimed that the occidental attitude, which does not receive enough attention, is an important field of ideological struggle and that Ahmet Mithat put forward a serious fight through narrative techniques in this novel.Item Kava id-i Teshirat by İbn-i İsa:|An analysis and transcription(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) Kaçar, Engin.; Gençtürk, Tülay.This thesis mentions about a different aspect of dîvân poetry that was studied in many workings so far. Dîvân poetry is a literary tradition that is mostly discussed in poem-centered workings. Based on the text named ÚavÀèid - i TesòìrÀt , however, this working is about the relation of hidden knowledges and dîvân poetry. Hidden knowledges is an expression used for cifir, remil, fal, hurûf, ebced, ilm-i nücûm, sihir, tılsım, havas, vefk etc. Because dîvân poets are scholars, they also use the knowledge and terminology of hidden knowledges in their literary works. ÚavÀèid - i TesòìrÀt that was written by İbn-i İsa who is scholar and poet of 16. century consists of 15 parts. It is a prose work and about magic and talisman. This study consists of 5 parts. In the first part knowledge of magic and talisman in dîvân poetry was discussed generally. In the second part, after the writing plan, language and narration style of the work were examined, the work was evaluated in terms of telif (writing) and tasnif (re-arrangement) issue. In the third part, the content of ÚavÀèid - i TesòìrÀt , was analysied under the titles such as ilm-i nücûm, ilm-i hurûf, ilm-i ebced, ilm-i tâbir-i rüyâ, esma-i hüsna and anasır-ı erbaa by giving couplets of dîvân poets, too. By this way, the issue of how dîvân poets use these knowledges was tried to be seen by a partial comparative approach. In the fifth part, the copies of ÚavÀèid - i TesòìrÀt , were introduced and the text was given with a transcription. By this thesis, a new work was brought to the light and offered to the academical world.Item Wine and wine-related elements of Bâkî, Fuzûlî, Hayâlî and Yahyâ Bey’s divans(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in the Social Sciences, 2019., 2019.) Yıldırım, Hayrettin.; Büyükkarcı Yılmaz, Fatma.Wine and wine related elements are frequently used in divan literature. This study aims to analyse wine and wine related elements by using Bâkî, Fuzûlî, Hayâlî and Yahyâ Bey’s divans. The verses quoted from the poets are organized under certain headlines and sub-headings. Each sub-heading offers comparative analysis on wine and wine related elements. The textual analysis is mainly built on similarities and differences of the poets’ use of wine and wine related elements. The study starts with an introduction in which the aim, the methodology and the need of such a study in the field is explained. Following introduction, chapter-II gives some basic information about “wine metaphor” in divan literature as well as Bâkî, Fuzûlî, Hayâlî and Yahyâ Bey’s poetics in relation to wine and wine-related elements. As for Chapter-III, it is totally dedicated to comparative analysis of wine and related elements in regard to verses from the poets. The conclusion comprises the findings of the study. How wine and wine related elements are used in Bâkî, Fuzûlî, Hayâlî and Yahyâ Bey’s divans, and what kind of similarities and differences observed between the poets are summarized in this chapter.