M.A. Theses
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Item Specialty advertising and an empirical study in the Turkish pharmaceutical industry(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1987., 1987.) Kaan, Vedat Emre.; Bodur, Muzaffer.Item Export performance and structure after 1980(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1987., 1987.) Gün, Saim Murat.; Bodur, Muzaffer.The main purpose of this study is to examine the results of the new stability program which was put into force in January 1980. In this study, answers are sought about the problems of our exportation, the reason for the firms not exporting, and the qualifications discriminating the firms who do and who do not export., The sources of information in this study are collected thru literature survey and telephone interviews with the managers of some firms. It is serious that managers of some non-exporting firms who have achieved to be among the first "500 industrial firms" of Turkey as to the year 1985 said that they could be defeated as a result of competition with domestic and foreign firms as the reason for not exporting. Added value and the net total assets of the firms come first among the factors discriminating firms who do and who do not export. It is hoped that the study will stimulate further research on the topic and will provide some insights for motivating non-exporting firms.Item MBO practices in the banking sector of Turkey(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1987., 1987.) Ekmekci, Özgür.; Kabasakal, Hayat.This study aims at examining the present MBO practices being applied in the banking sector of Turkey. the .perception of the concept as viewed by managers employed in this domain, actors influencing their performance and satisfaction. The scope of the study covered two foreign, and two domestic banks, employing MBO programs within their organizational structure. The results indicated that there was a strong potential for future practices in this sector, which may provide oganizations with the desirable outcomes of better performance, improved relations, and efficient operations throughout the complete range of their activities.Item A field study on the comparison of the manufacturing companies before and after the positive real interest policy was put into effect(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1987., 1987.) Güleşçi, Mehmet.; Ertuna, İbrahim Özer,In this thesis, the financial structure and operating results of manufacturing companies before and after the positive real interest rate policy was put into effect are compared. This study was conducted by way of analyzing the financial structure and operating results of manufacturing companies from those two time periods. All required figures related with the operating results of these companies were obtained from Istanbul Chamber of Industry Periodicals dated October 1985 and 1984 and Financial Analysis book written by Cihangir Samin. By using these figures, firstly the financial ratios that are used in financial analysis were calculated, and then these ratios were compared with each other by using statistical analysis methods. The findings of this study showed that in the aspect of financial structure, the difference between the two groups of manuacturing companies from those two time periods was significant. The discriminant function, mentioned in section 2.2.1, explains approximately 20% of the discrimination, leaving 80% unexplained, which means that there might be other independent variables that would effect the discriminant function. According to findings, it came out that var 4-Return to Equity, var 2-Euqity/Total Asset and var 6-Return on Sales each can be accepted as a discri~inator betw~en the two groups of companies.According to coefficients of the above variables, it is understood that companies from Group Two use more equity than companies from Group One, thus they have higher Equity/Total Asset Ratio and smaller Return to Equity Ratio. Return on Sales Ratio is higher for Group One companies which means that since financial expenses became higher due to the increase in interest rates, Return on Sales Ratio has decreased. In the study, the following limitations were encountered. Under the facility of the given figures, only six ratios were calculated. The other ratios that would be used in the analysis are indicated in Appendix I. The shareholders' equity figures include revaluation adjustment which otherwise would have changed the results. The selected 90 companies for each year were not the same in the four years which othenvise might have changed ·the results. Additionally, in the selection of dependent variables, Group Two companies were selected from the years of 1983 and 1984 which otherwise would also have changed the results of the study. We hope that the results obtained from this study may contribute to the understanding of financial analysis of the manufacturing companies.Item A forecasting approach for an evaluation of television set sector in Turkey(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1987., 1987.) Ceyhan, Kemal.; Bodur, Muzaffer.The government and corporate planners are facing sets of problem in identifying the promising industries, their market potential, future demand potential and future competitiveness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the television set sector in Turkey and evaluate future demand potential and future competitiveness of Turkish television sets. Chapter one gives some basic concepts about the product. chapter two examines the past history of the sector in the world as well as production and demand figures of TV sets in Turkey. Chapter three studies Turkish export and import figures for TV sets. Chapter four examines the demand prospects in Turkey by approaching the subject with cross sectional tools as well as domestic variables and domestic TV set demand functions. Demand figures until 1991 areestimafed in this chapter. Chapter five is a detailed analysis of the cost of a Turkish TV set produced under the licence of a foreign company in case of acceptance of agreed EEC custom duties of ANKARA agreement. Chapter six summarizes the findings of the study and states the :conclusions and implications. We conclude that although future TV set market in Turkey will be sufficient for the exploitation of the full capacity of the existing manufacturers, the sector will face serious threats in the future because of production technology and expected competition with the imported TV sets.Item A computer-aided production planning system for a fertilizer manufacturing company(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1987., 1987.) Aksu, Feza.; Koçak, Ceyhan (Kozanoğlu).This study aims to design a specific Computer-Aided Production Planning System for a private chemical fertilizer manufacturing company in a recently liberalized market, within the bounds of the environmental and organizational conditions. The respective computer pacage has been designed as an integrated whole to achieve maximum flexibility and ease of application. The package consists of three main modules : Inventory Planning to maintain inventory investment at an optimum level; Material ReqUirements Planning to secure time phased availability of the inventory items and finally Capacity Requirements Planning to match the production schedules with the productive capability of the production centers. The framework includes two supplementary modules, namely ABC Analysis and Bill of Materials and read/write programs for the data files.Item An analysis on Istanbul district municipalities(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1987., 1987.) Bayraktaroğlu, Müfit Altan.Item A study on the supply of and demand for management consultancy services(Thesis (M.A.)- Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Scieences, 1987., 1987.) Bonofiyel, Keti.; Bodur, Muzaffer.Management consul ting is a very new subj ect in Turkey; therefore, the purpose of this thesis can be summarised by the following research questions: i) What is management consultancy? ii) Which consulting finns are there in Turkey? iii) Do companies know about management consulting finns and what is their attitude towards these finns? since there is not much work in this area, this study covers literature review to the extent possible. The field study was conducted by having interviews with consulting firm managers and by gi ving out questionnaries to finns which are potential clients or which have already used management consultancy services. The interpretations of the questionnaires was analysed on the computer and the implications of the findings were presented. If the findings of this survey is to be briefly summarised, it is found out that there are very· few professional management consulting finns in Turkey. It was also found out that at present there is no great demand for management. consulting services but finns expect the demand for their services to increase significantly in a few years time as long as there is no unexpected change in the political and economic envirorunent of the country. The results of the analysis also showed that there will be high demand for management information consultancy with the development of need for information technology. FUture research in order to fill the present gaps in the li terature should aim at providing comparative studies on company manager's willingness to use consultancy services, their satisfaction levels and the importance levels attributed. to certain key factors. Therefore a lot of responsibility rests on the academicians and researchers for providing infonnation on this subject. Finally, management consul ting finn managers should put a lot of effort for letting the market ]mow about them and they should emphasise the importance of their services for giving assistance to companies which are in the process of expansion and development.Item An empirical study on store attributes, self image and fashion life styles(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1987., 1987.) Gabay, Rozita.; Bodur, Muzaffer.The purpose of this study is to find out how consumer's perception of their self-image and fashion life styles could be utilized in delineating salient store attributes and improving strategic retail positioning. Hence; the study was administered in izmir with respect to fashion clothing retailers. Market positioning is the most crucial strategic proplem facing the retailing executive. Therefore; much research has been conducted to depict variables that can be used to predict store patronage. Hence, these variables could reveal consumer categories tha.t,would effectively be used to segment markets. ~ .. Life style retailing is widely suggested as one of the competitive strategies of the 1980's, since the demographic variables were found to be limited in classifying the consumer categories that could serve as a basis for effective market segmentation. Thus Blackwell (1983) defines life style retailing as "the policy of tailoring the retail offering closely to the life styles of specific target market segments." (p.53) An understanding of why shoppers select one store over another and what factors generate store loyalty has been an area of much debate. Martineau (1958) was one of the first to suggest that a consumer selects a store which has an image congruent with his/her personality. Thus; various personality and self-image criteria was dev~loped to provide better means for positioning. · ., · A literature review of Self Image and Life Style Retailing is the primary focus of this paper and is followed by an integrative study which adapts and applies the works of (Bellenger, Steinberg, Stanton, 1976), (Gutman, Mills 1982) and (Hansen, Deutscher., 1978) on market positioning based on store attributes, self-image profiles and fashion life styles to the fashion clothing retailers in Izmir. The results reveal that consumer with different self-image profiles have indicated "merchandise", "service" and post purchase satisfaction as the most salient store dimensions. Moreover; emphasis is given to having access to more price competitive dependable products, courteous and friendly sales personnel and post purchase exchange and return facilities. The Assertive, Passive, Objective and Impulsive profiles exhibited distinct fashion life style orientations. Accordingly, the Assertive shopper is socially active, therefore; she needs wide variety of clothes, spends much money on clothes and fashion related activities. Moreover, she is a fashion leader in her style and enjoys shopping. Conversely; the Passive shopper possesses the reverse profile. The objective shopper on the other hand is more cost concious, traditional and practical percieves herself as a fashion follower rather than a leader and does not go out shopping frequently. Demographic differences were however, relatively unimportant in depicting segmentation variables except for age and education. The older shoppers lend to be more utility oriented and show less interest in fashion and are more cost concious and traditional. On the other hand; college graduates bend to be more cost concious then high school graduates. As a result, this study has some implications for the fashion clothing retailers, researchers and academics. As for the fashion clothing retailer, merchandise quality, sales personnel and post purchase facilities should be the primary operational cues to be emphasised to attain competitive advantages. The other attributes ~ • I I which form the peripheral cues could be elaborated to fit tPe requirements of the target market. Moreover; making use of.the selfimage and life style determinants, the retail executive should select a specific segment to serve· effectively. Thus; if the retail executive stresses the specifics of his target market maximum impact can be achieved successfully. The fashion retailer should show great care in preserving a distinct store image before deciding on the design and physical attributes of the store. Because the consumers rely heavily upon perceptual cues in developing store images, ambiguous stimuli may distract the consumer attention. Future research in order to fill the present gaps in the literature should aim at providing comperative studies with respect to image among different types of retail institutions alias department stores, specialty chains and mass merchandisers. Attention should be directed at generating various other self-image profiles in order to broaden the horizons of life style retailing ~rid other areas. More effective measurement techniques like multivariate scales should be devised inorder to get more information out of the available data and to increase external validity of the studies. Finally; a lot of responsability rests on the academics in providing information to the retailing industry with respect to the findings secured from previous studies, guiding the retail executive on planning and implementation of strategic positioning and adapting existing strategies into areas that prove to be possible and feasible. I'Item An investigation of the İslamic banking clientele in Turkish Banking sector(Thesis (M.A.)- Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Scieences, 1987., 1987.) Anıtsal, İsmet.; Bodur, Muzaffer.This research aims to explore and describe ix the characteristics of Special Financial Institution (SFI) depositors, and study the differences between SFI depositors and bank depositors in their demographic characteristics, investment objectives, decision mechanics, market attitudes and rate of return perceptions. The study included the literature review and a field study which was conducted through a questionnaire. The data was analyzed by SPSS-X and the findings were given together with the implications for the marketers and the researchers. The findings of the study showed that some significant differences exist in investment processes of the depositors rather than their demographic characteristics. Although the primary concern was to provide additional income when depositing in banks/SFIs, bank depositors use interest profit share rates and SFI depositors use inflation rates as primary criterion in evaluating the performance of their institutions.Expected return and safety/guarantee for principal are the factors influencing both bank and SFI selection.Depositors directly form bank influencing the or prefer to SFI.Finally, satisfaction convenience and good dialogue. go and take information the most important factor level with bank/SFI is Knowledge of these differences might help bank and SFI executives, and researchers to better understand the Islamic banking clientele in Turkey in order to allocate their marketing effort more efficiently.Item Optimum allocation of resources in the Sümerbank leather and shoe factory in Beykoz :|a practical application of linear programming in Turkey(Thesis (M.A.) - Robert College. Faculty of the School of Business Administration and Economics, 1967., 1967.) Balkan, Örsçelik.; Göker, Metin.Item A study on channel control in marketing embroideried tergal tulle to wholesalers(Thesis (M.A.)- Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Scieences, 1987., 1987.) Altaras, Momo.; Bodur, Muzaffer.In this thesis, channel control was examined by using power sources and behavioral interactions among the channel members. The study was conducted with wholesalers who sell embroideried tergal tulle in SuI tanhamam through a questionnaire by asking the degree of the supplier's control over the wholesalers' marketing activities and the source of potency of supplier over the wholesaler in the different activities. It was concluded that the supplier should use mainly management control mechanism in order to control the channel. It was also found that suppliers rely on economic sources of power rather than non-economic sources of power to achieve control over their wholesalers. The results of analysis showed that there are associations between the degree of supplier control over the wholesalers' marketing activities and experience and level of integration of the firm. In this study it was also found that there are relationships between the source of potency of supplier in the different activities and level of integration and experience of the firm. The study includes the literature review and field study which was conducted by a questionnaire. The interpretations of the computer analyzed data and the implications of the findings were presented.Item A study on general awareness of advertisements :|the case of magazine ads(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1986., 1986.) Biricik, Seda.; Bodur, Muzaffer.In this thesis, interest toward magazine advertisements and opinions of female and male respondents about this subject will be studied. No particular advertisements have been shown to respondents in order to get general and unbiased opinion about the subject. Respondents can answer the questions by thinking about any magazine advertisement that he or she might have seen before. Then, they also indicate which ad this is and what makes them remember it. A question about media preference for a durable good, a convenience good and a specialty item has also been asked to learn the relative importance of magazines compared to other media. Data was taken from both female and male subjects and differences in their opinions toward some credibility and attention getting aspects of magazine advertisements and for most attention getting product or service advertisements have been evaluated. It was seen that the illustration, headline and kind of product or service advertised were the most attention getting layout components and male respondents indicated that they were mostly attracted by a charming model, brandname a.nd picture of the advertisement. It was also found that men were interested in transportation, electronic equipment and bank advertisements in magazines while women were mostly interested in cosmetics, detergents, shampoo, soap, toothpaste and deo advertisements. Looking at the media preferences, it appeared that, television is the best medium for all Unds of products and magazines are only preferred for a specialty item by much younger, higher educated, having executive level occupations and higher levels of income respondents. As a result. it was seen that females and males had different opinions about magazine advertisements while in some aspects they did share the same opinion. The study includes the literature review and the field study which was conducted by a questionnaire. The interpretation of the computer analyzed data was done and the impl ications of the findings were presented.Item A study on perceptions about the roles portrayed by women in magazine advertisements(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1986., 1986.) Kıvanç, Yeşim.; Bodur, Muzaffer.In this thesis, the roles portrayed by women in magazine advertisements and the perception of the male and female magazine readers about this subject will be studied. The roles portrayed by women in magazine advertisements are examined by looking at the content of the ads, and also the opinions of magazine readers are asked about thiu topic. Three types of advertisements are shown to subjects. The first one portrays the woman as working, the second one shows the woman as a housewife, whereas the third one illustrates her as an alluring model. Perceptions about these advertisements are taken from both male and female subjects and differences among their ideas are evaluated. Also the relationship among variables, which are used in the study, and demographics are analysed. As a result, it is seen that, males and females do not share the same ideas about role portrayals of women in magazine advertisements. While females criticize exaggerated roles of women in magazine advertisements / males accept that they are attracted by beautiful women. It is understood that, the appropriate match between the model and the gender image of product, the setting of the portrayal and the portrayal's realism are very important for both sex. The study includes the literature review and the field study which is conducted through a questionnaire. In order to learn their ideas about role portrayals of women, equal number of men and women are given questionnaires. The interpretation of these data is done through computer and implications for marketers and academicians are presented.Item An investigation of the individual investors in the Turkish securities market(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1986., 1986.) Türkeş, Derya.; Bodur, Muzaffer.In this thesis, differences between the two individual investor groups - bondholders and common stockholders- in their demographic characteristics, basic portfolio objectives, information sources and decision mechanics, instrument selection criteria and market attitudes, and return perceptions have been studied. It has also been possible to find out a general profile of the individual investor in the securities market. The study included the literature review and a fiel d study which was conducted through a questionnaire. Data was analyzed and the findings were given together with the implications for the marketers and researchers. The findings of the study showed that same significant differences exist in investment processes of the individuals rather than their demographic characteristics. Bondholders appeared to be more educated and relatively older than the commonstockholders. They have fixed monthly income and invest relatively greater proportion of their income in securities, mostly seeking "safeness" of investment and "additional income" for their family budget. Commonstockholders, on the other hand, being more independent in their decisions invest mainly for protecting their money from inflation and capital appreciation. They are also slightly less sensitive to the IIsafeness" of investment than their counterparts and emphasize such factors as liquidity of investment, anonimity of investor and tax considerations when choosing among securities. Knowledge of these differences should help bank and brokerage firms' managers, and researchers to better understand the individual investor and his investment process and to allocate their marketing effort more effectively .Item Optimal short-term financing/investment decision under uncertainty(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1986., 1986.) Mat, Hakan.; Ertuna, İbrahim Özer,This thesis aims at developing a solution procedure to the firms' short-term financing and investment decisions under uncertainty, In doing this, realizing the fact that the decisions related to a specific function of the firm have impacts on the others, an integrative approach is conducted First, different demand quantity forecasts depending on the envjronmental conditions the firm is operating, are generated for the current planning period. Secondly utilising a spreadsheet cash budget model cash requirements are determined as a result of collections, manpower, production, inventory, purchasing and payments planning for eachdemand forecast separately. Then, distributions of period cash requirements are obtained, Thirdly, a, linear programming model developed is used to obtain the optimal solutions to five different short-term financing/investment decision problems ranging from the most pessimistic to the most optimistic demand forecasts representing the Management's attitude towords risk. Opportunity cost and the optimality ranges of the cost coefficient and resource constants for conducting sensitivity analysis are also utilised as complementary parts of the optimal solutions. Finally, the optimal solutions are jnterpreted in terms of decisions, opportunity costs and optimality ranges and some guidelines to Management are deducted, In the study, the real-life data of a Turkish production firm is used.Item Profitability trends of firms in the restructuring period(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1986., 1986.) Özer, Bülent.; Ertuna, İbrahim Özer,Item Planning approaches of companies in the Turkish private sector(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1986., 1986.) Şenol, Gülşen.; Dilber, Mustafa,In this thesis, relationships between the size of the firm and the planning approaches and practices in the Turkish private sector will be examined. The study includes the review of theory and the empirical studies carried out in Turkey about the subject and the field study which is conducted through a questionnaire. The interpretation of the computer analysed data is done and the proposals for future studies are presented.Item A study of leadership behaviour in Turkish private and public sector(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1986., 1986.) Malik, İmran Khan.Item A study of correlates of brand loyalty in the toothpaste market(Thesis (M.A.) - Bogazici University. Institute for Graduate Studies in Social Sciences, 1986., 1986.) Ateş, Esin.; Bodur, Muzaffer.In this thesis, the brand loyalty in the Turkish toothpaste market was investigated. The basic purpose of the study was to find out the correlates of brand loyalty and to understand the factors that are related to product characteristics and consumers' characteristics in differentiating loyal people from the nonloyals. In this analysis the toothpaste market is choosen since the product is accepted as being a high loyalty one, and use frequency is higher than some other products. Finally the Turkish toothpaste market has some special characteristics that can be accepted as a case for brand loyalty. In order to annlyze brand loyalty, ]50 respondents including representatives of aIl socio-economic classes were chosen by quota sampling methods. Because of some control questions only 112 of these responses were used. As a result of a specific brand loyalty measurement being developed, 47 people were accepted as brand loyal. Then, the differentiatin demographic and socio-economic characteristics of these people as compared with nonloyal people and the relating to toothpaste, were analyzed in detail. As a result, it was found that if all of these attributes were considered together in the form of a function, they differentiated the loyal people from the nonloyals. However, in analyzing them one by one only a few of them such as the importance given to whitening power of toothpaste and being translucent showed differences in loyal and nonloyal people. Together with this, when the demographic and socio-econornic characteristics of respondents were analyzed income and education level seemed to be differentiating characteristics for brand loyal and nonloyal consumers. The study includes a summary of different concepts and measurement methods for brand loyalty, the literature review, and a field study which was conducted through a questionnaire The interpretation of data was done through computer, and impIications for marketers and academicians are presented.