Ph.D. Theses

Permanent URI for this collection

https://digitalarchive.library.bogazici.edu.tr/handle/123456789/11716

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 85

Turkey on the agenda of the league of nations
(Thesis (Ph.D.)- Bogazici University. Institute for History of Turkish Renovation, 1992., 1992.) Alantar, Özden Zeynep.; Öke, Kemal,
From propaganda to national identity construction:|Turkish literature and the First World War, 1914-1918
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2003., 2003.) Köroğlu, Erol.; Toprak, Zafer.
This dissertation is about the reflection of the 1914-1918 First World War on Turkish literature of the same period. In the warring developed countries of Europe widespread efforts were directed towards the generation of propaganda that would support the war in accordance with governmental policies. However, in the underdeveloped and multi-ethnic Ottoman Empire, which had not yet transformed into a nation-state, its Ottoman-Turkish intelligentsia could not produce propaganda sufficient to support the battlefronts and the home front. As the war unfolded, Turkish writers abandoned their initial attempts at propaganda and turned instead to the formation of a national culture, which was necessary for the existence of such a mechanism in the long-term. Thus, the Ottoman-Turkish intelligentsia, who could not support the war effort, used the conditions created by the war to eliminate the deficiencies in national culture.The dissertation consists mainly of interpretations of literary texts written by the representative writers of the period. These interpretations follow a cultural historiographical methodology based on contextualisation and give precedence to an analysis of the complex interaction between literary texts and the historical context. The failure to generate wartime propaganda and the efforts to construct a culture-based national identity are described by focusing on their reasons and outcomes within the historical context of 1908-1918, with the addition of an interpretation of literary texts with reference to this context. This work discusses the subjects of First World War propaganda, Turkish nationalism and national identity construction. It is an interdisciplinary effort, as it looks for evidence of an effective interaction between cultural and literary history.
Formulation of Semahs in relation to the question of Alevi identity in Turkey
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2004., 2004.) Dinçer, Fahriye.; Köksal, Duygu.
Semahs are the ritual dances of the Alevis, a heterodox, ethnically diverse religious community in Turkey. This dissertation concentrates on different reformulations of semahs in relation to the reconstruction processes of the Alevi identity since the establishment of the Republic. While the religious belief of the community differentiated from the legitimate state religion, the ethnic/linguistic identity of the non-Turkish speaking Alevi groups contradicted the legitimate national identity as well. These factors pointed at a space where the identity question of the group would be contested and negotiated by intentional actors both from within and outside the community in the last eighty years. In this process, the semah appeared as a religious and/or cultural component of the Alevi rituals, which has been maintained, transformed and manipulated in relation to the reconstructed Alevi identities.After an analysis of the history of the Alevi identity, this dissertation focuses on the texts and oral narratives about semahs, and the semah performances presented in the public sphere. Subjected to a critical-comparative analysis, the critical question emerged on how the semah appeared to represent the identity of the community, or have been reformulated together with the reconstructed Alevi identity. Since the essentialist approaches from which this study distances itself is appropriated in almost all of the narratives, their analysis paved the way for the conceptualization of how semah is utilized as a representative of the Alevi identity. On the other hand, in parallel with the conceptual framework that accepts the semah as a component through which the identity is constituted, these narratives and the popular semahs performances are re-analyzed to arrive at conclusions about the Alevi identity that has been constructed in each period. These periods are specified as 1920-1950, 1950-1980 and 1980-2000 in relation to the social, economic, political and cultural developments that took place in Turkey and affected the lives and the identity formation of the Alevis.
Collective political action in the Turkish press (1950-1980)
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2004., 2004.) Akaş, Cem, 1968-; Kuyaş, Ahmet.
This dissertation examines the types of collective political action undertaken in Turkey between 1950 and 1980. Instead of examining the period in a purely chronological order, this study groups types of collective action together, and describes and analyzes them in chronological development. Seven such groups are identified: association formation, symbolic action, action in writing, demonstrations and protests, collective action involving the press, boycotts and sit-ins, and contentious action involving violence. The research for this study is based primarily on a close reading of the newspapers of the period, coupled with the application of the relevant theoretical literature in analyzing the history of collective action in Turkey. The study has found that such action has been wide-spread in Turkey since the beginning of the democratic era, even during periods of exceptional repressive measures taken by governments to stifle all forms of criticism and opposition. The types of action range from the universal (found in most contentious political action all over the globe) to actions unique to Turkish society; some types of popular action have also been adapted to local conditions and requirements. The variety of these types, however, steadily diminished in the 1970s and was eventually blotted out by a single type: violent action. The role of the youth and the military as the designated guardians of the regime has very much determined both the ideology of actors and the types of action they undertook.
Technological developments in the Ottoman navy during the reign of Selim III
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2004., 2004.) Zorlu, Tuncay.; Danışman, Günhan,
The reign of Selim III witnessed technological novelties in the Ottoman navy. Thanks to the access to ample sources for naval construction and wisely navigated channels of information, the systematic construction of new types of sailing warships was adopted in this period. One of the striking breakthroughs of the period was the adoption of copper sheathing for the hulls and bottoms of Ottoman naval ships, from 1207/1792-93 onwards. The construction of the first dry-dock in the Golden Horn was another important development in the period. Furthermore, at the beginning of the nineteenth century the first negotiations with Great Britain regarding the purchase of a steam engine, which the Ottoman authorities intended to use in emptying the dry-dock were initiated. Among other significant technological developments were the construction of an anchor house (lengerhâne); the building of a measuring house (endâzehâne), the adoption of new mast machines, fire conduits, a new ship launching method; the beginning of the keeping of navigational log books; and the introduction of a new kitchen and provisioning system. While, foreign missions, especially French, Swedish and British ones, played important roles in training Ottoman shipbuilders and contributed to the modernisation of the Ottoman naval technology with services they rendered in the shipbuilding sector and naval warfare, they constituted the first instances of technological dependence of the Ottoman State on Europe in the long run.
War, epidemics and medicine in the Ottoman Empire from the Balkan wars through the Graet War (1912-1918)
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2004., 2004.) Dağlar, Oya.; Toprak, Zafer.
This thesis focuses on the period of Balkan Wars and the First World War, which affected the political history of the 20th century deeply and caused the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, and examines the concerned period in terms of the epidemic diseases. Taking into account that wars are important contributors in the emergence of epidemic diseases, I have attempted to evaluate the destruction caused by the epidemic diseases during the war years and effects of these diseases on the results of the wars in a historical framework. The Ottoman Empire spent its last century with wars coming one after another and as a consequence had to suffer many physical as well as demographic casualties. With a significant decrease in the population, one of the main factors that had kept the Empire up disappeared and therefore the 600 year-old Empire collapsed at the end of the First World War. This particular study argues that, despite the popular belief, the decrease in the population was mainly caused by the epidemic diseases and health problems, which emerged as a result of the wars, not by the direct armed conflict at the front. Epidemic diseases seen as a consequence of lack of hygiene during the war, congestion caused by mass movements like migration and inadequacy of the health services resulted in death of many servicemen and civilians. Since the loss of human force during the war as a result of the epidemic diseases directly affected the war making capability of the Empire, the Ottoman government obligatorily placed an importance on the health services, however, despite all efforts, none of the precautions taken brought the desired level of success due to lack of proper health personnel. Nonetheless, precautions taken against the diseases and the struggle made during the war introduced the modern medicine methods into the Empire and as a result important steps were taken for the preservation of both military and public health. Furthermore, it is beyond doubt that the experiences gained in this period, in the long run, constituted the infrastructure of the developments seen in the area of health in the Republic of Turkey. In short, this thesis examines the epidemic diseases that were caused by the war, the methods pursued by the state in its struggle against the same and the effects of the diseases on the social transformation and on the result of the wars.
Mine workers, the state and war: The Ereğli-Zonguldak coal basın as the site of contest, 1920-1947
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2005., 2005.) Gürboğa, Nurşen, 1971-; Toprak, Zafer.
This study investigates the complex relations between the people of the Eregli- Zonguldak basin, who supplied the underground workforce of the coalmines, the mining companies and the state in the early Republican era, and the tough relations between the basin's people and the state brought by the compulsory paid labor regime during the Second World War period. The study aims to reveal the conditions of the mineworkers following flexible work pattern between mining and subsistence-agriculture, their identities, patterns of solidarity and of struggle. During the period, the labor relations in the basin were shaped by the low-wage policy and labor-intensive production choices of the companies, fluctuations in demand for coal, the state's nationalization policy of the capital and protectionist-etatist industrialization projects, the repressive labor policies of the single-party era, the means of extra-economic coercion and the workers' struggles. The identity of the workers, their relations to the other actors, their patterns of solidarity and of struggle came into being on a junction formed by the articulation of the mining to the village community. During the 1940s, the forced labor regime made the relations between the state and the people of the basin tense. Instead of submitting, the basin's people developed a wide resistance repertoire. In the post-war era, the state guaranteed labor supply through reconstituting previous work pattern and offering social services to the mineworkers. Hence, the whole basin with its villages became a "company-village" under the control of the state. Contrary to the arguments which define the underground workers as belonging to primarily a peasant universe and to pre-capitalist social relations, this study defines them as a modern form of labor compatible to the capitalist production relations in the mines. The Zonguldak mineworkers with their cheap and unskilled labor constituted the lowest stratum of the regionally-segmented labor market, who at the same time shouldered the reproduction cost of labor force through subsistence-agriculture.
Making sense of mafia in Turkey: conceptual framework and a preliminary evaluation
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2005., 2005.) HatipKarasulu, Hatice Ahu.; Buğra, Ayşe,
The aim of this dissertation is to make sense of mafia and make sense of mafia in Turkey. The discussions are limited to racketeering. That is, smuggling is not included. The arguments are developed on a conceptual level and reflected to Turkey. As a specific concept in criminology, mafia or organized crime points at an organization accruing illegal gains through a multiplicity of crimes, using threat or violence. Departing from the criticisms of this conceptualization, in this dissertation, it is argued that white-collar or corporate crime should not be taken as distinct, and the slim line of intersection betweenpolitical economy and criminology should not bedisregarded. That is, committing a profit-oriented crime, mafia is not independent of the 'place of economy in society' and the state-business relations shaped therein. This is especially important in the context of neoliberal economic transformation, within which mafia, as a metaphor of reciprocity relations aiming at illicit gain on the borders of the legal economy, stigmatized by the economic transformation process itself, unless the rise of the market economy is restrained with a redistributive state and rule of law. With respect to Turkey, first, the rare lines of knowledge on mafia are discussed. By and large, the works of legal scholars and criminologists are in line with the orthodox definition, and share the same shortcomings. The mafia metaphor is introduced with outlining the neoliberal economic transformation in the post-1980 period, and exemplified with the transformation of the "kabadayı", so-called "Civangate" and Turkbank privatization.
Harbord military mission to Armenia: "the story of an American fact finding mission and its effects on Turkish-American relations"
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2005., 2005.) Akar, Hulusi.; Toprak, Zafer.
One of the most important episodes of Turkish-American foreign relations during the Independence War was General Harbord mission. Even though the idea behind the mission was to understand the feasibility of a large, independent Armenia, the real outcomes were mostly unexpected. The main purpose, which was related to the Armenian Question, has already been discussed by several academic studies. They put great emphasis on General Harbord's final report, which not only destroyed all the assumptions of an independent Armenia, but also of the long established Armenian lobby in America. But the real merit of the mission was its long-range effects on Turkish-American relations. The mission's findings gave support to the relatively few Americans trying desperately to change the American view of Turkey and establish healthy relations unbiased from the Armenian lobby. The other important side of the mission was unpublished findings about Turkey, Armenians, the independence movement, etc., which had been buried under the archives. The Harbord mission was totally different and unique from its predecessors. First of all, its members were mainly composed of military personnel. They had the necessary cadre and sources to fulfill their duty. They talked to most of the main actors, visited all sides, and traveled across Turkey, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia. They managed to produce a body of expert reports on all the aspects of these three countries. Unfortunately most of these reports and findings were never published. So, in short the mission's document collection is a kind of time capsule, which has a variety of information especially about the first phase of Turkey's independence war.
Foreign direct investment in development in developing economies and Turkey; the role of institutions
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2007., 2007.) Dumludağ, Devrim.; Pamuk, Şevket, 1950- .
The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the relationship among foreign direct investment and institutions in developing countries. In this dissertation I examine the role of macroeconomic variables and institutions as determinants of foreign direct investment flows by applying panel data regressions in developing economies. In addition, I apply a questionnaire survey to the executives of 52 multinational corporations operating in Turkey in order to reveal the impact of institutional variables on foreign direct investment.
Socialist women's organizations inTurkey 1975-1980
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2007., 2007.) Keşoğlu, Birsen Talay.; Toprak, Zafer.
In this study, socialist women’s organizations established between the years 1975-80 in Turkey are explored. The Turkish left, which had not welcomed the idea of separate women’s organization, started to establish women’s associations by 1975. The Progressive Women’s Association ( KD) constitutes the first example in this respect, which was established by the leadership of the Communist Party of Turkey (TKP). In the framework of this study, the Democratic Women’s Association (DKB), the women’s association of the Socialist Worker’s Party of Turkey (TS P), and the Women’s Section established under the Worker’s Party of Turkey (T P) are also discussed. From a broader perspective, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the approach of the Turkish left towards women and the women’s question from 1975– 1980 through an analysis of socialist women’s organizations. The solutions that these three parties proposed for “women’s emancipation,” the policies that were developed, and the principles that were put into practice allegedly in the name of or for women are also within the scope of this study. In order to evaluate the period in a wider context, the development of the European women’s movement, particularly in England and Germany, is examined closely. Tracing back the legacy of the socialist women’s organization of the 1970s in Turkey and exploring whether or not it was transferred to the feminist movement of the post-1980 era revealed that it was mostly the “former leftist” women of the 1970s who paved the way for and shaped the feminist movement of the post-1980 era.
Images of Istanbul women in the 1920s
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2007., 2007.) Türe, Fatma.; Toprak, Zafer.
This study concerns the debates about the question of women that were ongoing in the popular press of Turkey in the 1920s and looks at the traces of these debates in obscene literature as a marginal branch of popular literature. The question of women was at the heart of all the predicaments and conflicts of the period. In popular literature it was mostly urban Istanbul women who were scrutinized to the last detail, from their biological responsibilities to their behavior in the public arena, down to their clothes and their relations with the opposite sex. It was believed that it was urban women above all who threatened the social order. Bearing in mind that the traditional faith-based patriarchal Ottoman social system began to disintegrate after the First World War to be replaced by a nationalist, modern and again patriarchal structure, the hypothesis of this dissertation is that the popular press sought to integrate women as individuals into the new social structure and define them according to common social perceptions. Women who defied society’s definition of the ideal woman were often depicted as heroines in popular obscene stories. While these stories offered a social fantasy in which society’s concerns and paranoia about women turned into reality, from another perspective, they also reflected the social disintegration after years of secrecy and seclusion and the excitement and awkwardness felt both by men and women from coexisting in the same environment.
Harmonization of the foreign policies of Turkey and the European Union: the case of the Middle East
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2007., 2007.) Özcan, Mesut.; Babuna, Aydın, 1959- .
The aim of the dissertation is to analyze the impact of the European Union (EU) candidature on Turkish foreign policy and to the harmony and/or disharmony between Turkey’s and the European Union’s foreign policies regarding the Middle East. In this dissertation, by paying special attention to the political developments in the Middle East, Turkey’s relations with the European Union, and the evolution of the European Union in the post-Cold War period, I show to what extent the events in the post-Cold War era and Turkey’s candidature to the Union have brought the foreign policies of Turkey and the European Union closer and how Turkish candidacy for and possible membership in the European Union have increased and will increase this harmony. The analysis of the changes in the foreign policies of the EU members and candidates is referred as Europeanization. In order to compare Turkey with the other EU members and candidates, I touch upon the changes in the foreign policies of the EU member states and the theoretical framework to analyze this change and apply this frame work to the case of Turkey.
Health and citizenship in republican Turkey: an analysis of the socialization of health services in republican historical context
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2008., 2008.) Günal, Asena, 1973-; Buğra, Ayşe,
This thesis presents an evaluation of the Turkish health system by focusing on the socialization of health services undertaken in 1961. The historical analysis is situated within a theoretical framework that addresses the questions pertaining to social policy and citizenship through the analysis of welfare regime typologies and health care systems. The thesis also draws on the theoretical contributions to the analysis of state and class in Turkey. The fragmented health care system in Turkey created a hierarchy of access and accordingly citizenship. By means of different security systems the state established differential relationships with its citizens, dividing them along the lines of their affinity with the state and their employment status. The problems within this inegalitarian system and the current attempts at its modification constitute the starting point of this thesis. Although the study focuses on the attempt at the socialization of health services undertaken in 1961, after the military intervention of 27 May 1960, it will present a comprehensive picture of the Turkish health system in the Republican period with a view to providing the historical background against which the current debate around health sector reform can be better understood. Through the socialization of health services everyone, without any distinction in terms of economic power, status in employment, region, ethnicity, and rural/urban divide would be provided health service, both preventive and curative. However, the efforts to establish socialization of health services as the health system of Turkey has failed mainly due to the simultaneous development of inegalitarian corporatist system which provides medical coverage to those in the formal sector.
From “imaginary” To “real”: a social history of the peasantry in Turkey (1945-1960)0
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University.Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2009., 2009.) Yıldırmaz, Sinan.; Karaömerlioğlu, M. Asım.
This study investigates the socio-economic ve political conditions of the peasantry in Turkey during the 1945-1960 period through a social history perspective. In the meantime, this study has been prepared as a result of an attempt of rethinking the 1945-1960 period, at least through the peasants, who are chosen here as the main subject. With the transformation of the countryside during the 1945-1960 period the theoretical and political perspectives that previously had defined the peasants also changed. Due to that, during this study, the changing political and theoretical perspectives have been investigated in relation to the changing socio-economic conditions of the peasants. The changing political attitudes of the peasants have been presented through some case studies such as the Arslanköy Case. During this study the main characteristics of the rural migration movements have been investigated as the most visible effect of the rural transformation. The transformation of the peasantist perspective in the cultural sphere also has been investigated through the analysis of the making of the Village Literature genre during this period. In this study, the transformation of the peasantry from “imaginary” to “real” was analyzed through the discussion of the transformation of all the spheres that were related to the peasantry. In this way, not only the ideological developments, but also the developments and the transformation that occurred in relation to the peasantry per se became the focus of this study.
An examination of the Balkans in international politics from past to present
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University.Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2009., 2009.) Yararcan, R. Taylan.; Toprak, Zafer.
In international politics, the evaluation of a region with multiple actors such as the Balkans is only possible by means of a multi-faceted and detailed study. This work examines important phases of Balkan history from a perspective of international relations and from within a political historical discipline. This thesis is an examination of a particular story of a geographical region viewed from perspectives which reflect internal and external policies. While considering in turn each point of change in Balkan history, this work sets out from the idea of making a significant conflict-resolution exercise for the creation of a stabilization zone for the Balkans, which even to this day has the characteristic of being a "powder keg." The periods of Ottoman Hegemony, The Development of Modern Balkan States, The Cold War Period, and Contemporary Balkan Developments, each displays its own particular characteristics and reflects the points of disruption during the long span of the period under discussion. However, in all periods which are examined in the course of this work, the truths that are encountered in relation to the Balkans are the influences of demography, geography and external forces on Balkan geopolitics and history. Overall, the outzone of this influence can be evaluated as instability.
Student movement in Turkey from a global perspective, 1960-1971
(Thesis (Ph.D.)-Bogazici University.Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2009., 2009.) Alper, Emin.; Keyder, Çağlar.
This study aims at explaining the political and social dynamics behind the rise of the student movement in Turkey in the 1960s. It tries to combine historical narrative with sociological data and provides an analytical framework to understand the rise of the student politics. Regarding the global character of the student movements in the sixties, this study focuses on the Turkish case from a global and comparative perspective. The analytical framework of the study is mainly borrowed from the political process model of the social movements literature. It gives special emphasis on the opportunity structures in the political realm that provides ground for the social movements. This study stresses on the processes that reinforced the collective identities of students, along with the increase in their organizational capacities. Since the politicization of the students took place in alliance with the bureaucratic elite, it emphasizes the dynamic processes of changing alliances and the balance of political power that was marked by a cleavage between the bureaucratic elite and the political elite of Democrat/Justice Party tradition. The intensification of student politics in the sixties is almost a universal phenomenon. This is why it is impossible to understand the Turkish case in isolation it from the global context. So, this study aims to situate the Turkish case in a global context and tries to identify the similarities and differences between the characteristics of the Turkish student movement and certain ideal types from the developed and developing countries. This needs also to understand the nature of the relationship between the global and local dynamics underlying the rise of the student politics.
Everyday politics of ordinary people : public opinion, dissent, and resistance in early Republican Turkey 1925-1939
(Thesis (Ph.D.) - Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2010., 2010.) Metinsoy, Murat.; Karaömerlioğlu, M. Asım.
This study examines the everyday and mostly informal forms of peasant and working class politics during the first two decades of the Turkish Republic by scrutinizing the daily protests and resistance of these groups to the social and economic policies of the single-party state and adverse economic conditions. Furthermore, this study explores the influence of the everyday politics of these groups on the political decision-making process of the state. The Turkish single-party period was by all means an extraordinary era marked by profound changes. Historical scholarship has conventionally focused on high and formal politics, and state policies. Due to the barriers before the formal and organizational participation of peasants and workers in legal politics, both these groups have been regarded to be fully excluded from the policy-making. Accordingly, the single-party state has generally been assumed to be based on solely coercive and rigid polity isolated from society. Scholars have barely touched upon the popular discontent and the daily ways in which ordinary people reacted against the state policies, power holders, and adverse economic conditions, and consequently influenced the state decisions. This dissertation takes on this challenging task and depicts an alternative picture in which the ordinary people participated in politics in everyday life, by uncovering the ordinary people’s dissenting opinions, demanding voices, everyday struggles, diverse patterns of protest and resistance strategies. On the basis of new archival sources giving information about daily contacts between the state and society and of a re-reading “against-the-grain” of conventional sources and theoretically drawing on a broader conception of politics as an everyday struggle over the allocation of scarce economic sources, emphasizing non-institutional and mostly informal patterns of the peasant and working class politics, this study delves into the popular dynamics of the political life during the early Republican era. Addressing wider debates about the relations between the state, society and class by focusing on the everyday and mostly informal contestation and negotiation process between the lower classes and state that compelled the state to modify its decisions, this dissertation suggests to see the relations between the state and ordinary people not as dichotomous, but as an interactive process. In this respect, the findings of this work propose a redefinition of the single-party state as “flexible authoritarian,” exposed and responsive to social inputs.
Turkey in the global art scene: dual narratives in the politics of international exhibitions after the 1980s
(Thesis (Ph.D.) - Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2011., 2011.) Barlas, Şeyda.; Köksal, Duygu.
This study investigates contemporary art and heritage exhibitions as instruments that kept changing vision of the nation as well as the modern cultural policies to control cultural sphere of the society and representing national identity as a part of social memory of the people in the post-1980s. This dissertation underlines three transformations. In Turkey's cultural politics, after 1980, the first was the formation of the privatization in art and culture and the rise of the Turkish bourgeoisie, directly related to the neo-liberal capitalist economic formation. While the local Turkish art scale penetrated the international vision of Turkey in the world, the neo-liberal economic and political change triggered the form cultural policy took after the 1980s. The second is the change in Republican art history writing from a statist, monolithic, discourse to a post-modern discourse, based on diversity and multiple pasts. The third is the gradually shifting image of Turkey from a nationalist/Turkist identity into a more cosmopolitan and multicultural one, as designated in international heritage exhibitions and international contemporary art events. In light of this perspective, the study analyzes Turkey's internationally-framed heritage exhibitions and modern art in the age of globalization. I argue that both international heritage exhibitions and modern art exhibitions carry political, social, and cultural implications and are related closely the representation of the Turkish identity and art history.
Tobacco labor politics in the province of Thessaloniki: cross-communal and cross-gender relations
(Thesis (Ph.D.) - Bogazici University. Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, 2011., 2011.) Vardağlı, Tutku.; Toprak, Zafer.
This study examines the role of community and gender factors within tobacco labor politics. The sudden rise of tobacco exports towards the end of the nineteenth century had brought about a significant increase in the number of commercial laborers in the Ottoman province of Thessaloniki employed in tobacco processing workshops called mağaza. Rather than industrial cigarette factory workers, this study focuses on the socio-political history of the commercial tobacco labor force. The theoretical framework of the study is mainly inspired by the “new labor history” approach, trying to reflect the life-worlds of the laborers in their unity. Therefore, the institutions and the representations of the labor are integrated into a common discourse, while a spatial distinction is made between the center and periphery. Given the political and economic situation of the Ottoman Empire in the late nineteenth century, economic peripheralization and political disintegration themes constitute the main framework rendering the labor politics in question peculiar. The consensus of the tobacco laborers at a time of escalating national conflicts in the Ottoman Balkans is discussed in regards to notion of the “local patriotism” that developed as a reaction to the women and migrant laborers.

Browse

Browsing Ph.D. Theses by Issue Date

Results Per Page

Sort Options